AMR Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| NFSA | Norwegian Food Safety Authority |
| NHIN | Nationwide Health Information Network USA |
| NICE | National Institute of Clinical Excellence, UK body whose prime purpose it is to evaluate and disseminate best healthcare practices (its equivalent institute in Germany is called IQWiG) |
| NIPH | Norwegian Institute of Public Health |
| NIR | Danish National Infection-Hygiene Guidelines, which are a set of standards and best practices for infection control within the healthcare sector. These guidelines are used as a basis for quality control and audits to ensure proper hygiene and safety in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. |
| NNIS | National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance |
| NorPD | Norwegian Prescribed Drug Registry |
| Nosocomial | Hospital-acquired infection |
| NRL | National reference laboratory |
| NSAS | National Centre for Antibiotic Use in Hospitals |
| NTM | Non-tuberculosis mycobacterium |
| NVI | Norwegian Veterinary Institute |
| NWT | Non-wild type |
| OIE | World Organization for Animal Health, UN |
| OPAT | Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy |
| PABS | Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing System |
| PACT(A) | Prescribing analysis and cost (assessment) |
| PBP2 | Penicillin-binding protein 2 |
| PCU | Population correction unit |
| PDR | (Pandrug-Resistant): Non-susceptibility to all agents in all available antimicrobial categories. This is the ultimate tier of resistance, meaning the organism is resistant to every currently approved antibiotic option, presenting extreme management challenges where no standard monotherapy is effective. |
| PIMs | Potentially Inappropriate Medications |
| PIP | Paediatric investigational plan |
| PJI | Prosthetic joint infection |
| PK | Pharmacokinetic |
| PMO | Program Management Office |
| PO | Oral |
| PPP | Public-private-partnership (in Danish: O-P-P) |
| PPS | Point prevalence survey |
| PTA | Probability of target attainment |
| QALY | Quality-adjusted life years: A measure used in health economics to assess the value of a medical intervention. It combines the length of life gained from a treatment with the quality of that life. A QALY is equal to one year of life in perfect health. The measure is often used to calculate a cost-per-QALY value, which helps policymakers and healthcare providers make decisions about the cost-effectiveness of different treatments. The monetary value of a QALY can vary widely depending on the country, time period, and the specific methodology used for its calculation. |
| QIDP | Qualified Infectious Disease Product |
| QRDR | Quinolone resistance-determining region |
| R&D | Research and development |
| rCDI | Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection |
| ReACT | Action on Antibiotic Resistance (Uppsala University, Sweden) |
| RR-TB | Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis |
| RTO | Research & Technology Organization |
| Rx | Prescription |
| SaaS | Software as a Service (previously known as ASP, application service provider) |
| SACAR | Specialist Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance (UK, Dept. of Health) |
| SAD | Single ascending dose |
| SAE | Serious adverse event |
| SAP | Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis |
| SBL | Serine β-lactamase |
| SI | Selective index |
| SIRS | Systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
| SME | Small and medium-sized enterprise (<250 according to EU definition) |
| SNOMED | Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms vs. DSM-IV and ICD-10. These are other standards for common language in medicine. The former, DSM-IV is American and stands for: Diagnostic and Statistic Manual version 4 and the latter is WHO’s system: International Classification of Diseases, version 10. |
| SOC | Standard of care |
| SSI | Surgical site infection |