AMR Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| HMP | Human medicinal product |
| HPA | Health Protection Agency, UK equivalent of the American CDC |
| HPC | High-performance computing |
| ICU | Intensive care unit |
| IFR | Institut for Rationel Farmakoterapi |
| IHI | Institute for Healthcare Improvement |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| IMP | Imipenemase |
| iMPV | Inhaled murepavadin |
| IND | Investigational new drug |
| IPO | Initial Public Offering |
| IQWiG | Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen |
| ISV | Independent software vendor |
| ITT | Intent-to-treat |
| iv | Intravenous |
| JPIAMR | Joint Programming Initiative on AMR |
| K-res | Norwegian Centre for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance |
| KOL | Key Opinion Leader |
| KPC | Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase |
| LIMS | Laboratory Information Management System |
| LMICs | Low- and middle-income countries |
| LOI | Letter of Intent |
| LOS | Length of stay |
| LRE | Linezolid resistant enterococci |
| LVRE | Linezolid and vancomycin resistant enterococci |
| MAA | Marketing authorization application |
| mAb | Monoclonal antibody |
| MAD | Multiple ascending dose |
| MBL | Metallo-β-lactamase |
| MBO/MBI | Management buy-out, or buy-in |
| MDR | (Multidrug-Resistant): Acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. This marks a significant step up from UDR, meaning that standard first-line empiric choices may fail and treatment will require moving to alternative or broader-spectrum agents. |
| MDRO | Multi-drug-resistant organism |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
| micro-ITT | Microbiologic intent-to-treat |
| MITT | Modified intent-to-treat |
| MMDS | Model-based medical decision support |
| MOA | Mode of action |
| MRL | Maximum residue level |
| MRSA | (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus): A specific strain of staph bacteria that has developed resistance to all core beta-lactam antibiotics, including methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin. It represents a widespread, high-priority pathogen that bypasses standard first-line staphylococcal treatments, often requiring specialized non-beta-lactam therapies like vancomycin. |
| MRSP | Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius |
| MSIS | Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Disease |
| MSSA | Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus |
| MTF | Multilateral Trading Facility (‘stock exchange’) |
| MTV/HTA | Health technology assessment (HTA) is the process by which health systems evaluate whether new medicines, devices, and other interventions offer good value for money. Sometimes also referred to as HEOR (Health Economics Outcome & Research) |
| MVP | Minimum Viable Product (rapid prototyping) |
| NBTI | Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor |
| NCR | No known cross-resistance |
| NDA | New drug application |
| NDHRS | Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording System |
| NDM | New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase |